中文摘要：

利用SSR分子标记技术对8个来自湖南新田的野生大豆自然居群遗传多样性进行了分析。结果表明：（1）所分析的材料中73对SSR引物共检测到397个等位变异,等位变异数范围为210个,平均为5.4个;期望杂合度（He）的变化范围从0.160.82,平均为0.64。（2）分子方差分析发现,居群间存在着严重的遗传分化,群体69%的变异存在于居群间,31%的遗传变异存在于居群内。（3）新田的8个居群中桑梓路边（SZLB）和桑梓（SZ）两个居群的遗传多样性比其他群体的高,而新田1 km处（XT1）、新田2 km处（XT2）和新田6 km处（XT6）野生大豆居群的遗传多样性较低。（4）根据遗传距离可将8居群分为3类：新田1 km处和新田2 km处为一类;新田6 km处单独为一类;大冠岭上龙秀、龙秀后山、桑梓、桑梓路边和青龙等处为一类。（5）居群遗传距离和地理距离之间存在线性相关,相关系数为0.837（P〈0.01）;海拔与期望杂合度呈显著正相关,相关系数为0.92（P=0.001）。研究结果表明,湖南新田野生大豆具有较高的遗传多样性,但不同居群的遗传多样性差异很大;位于该县高海拔山区大冠岭一带的野生大豆居群是湖南新田地区的一个多样性中心。

英文摘要：

The genetic diversity of 8 natural wild soybean populations was examined using SSR molecular markers in order to provide the information for in-situ conservation and resource utilization.The results showed that 397 alleles were detected by 73 SSR primer pairs in these populations with an average of 5.4 alleles.Expected heterozygosity（He） varied from 0.16 to 0.82,with an average of 0.64.AMOVA analysis results indicated that there is 69% variance among the populations and 31% in populations.Two populations,Sangzi and the side of road to Sangzi,have higher level of genetic diversity than other populations,while three populations,Xintian 1,Xintian 2 and Xintian 6,have lower level of genetic diversity.Wild soybean populations were clustered into 3 groups：group one including Xintian 1 and Xintian 2,group two Xintian 6,group three Longxiu,mountains behind Longxiu,Sangzi,the side of road to Sangzi,and Qinglong.Population genetic distance was positively correlated with geographic distance,with correlation coefficient 0.837（P〈0.01）.The elevation of population growth was positively correlated with He,with the correlation coefficient 0.92.The results suggest that wild soybean in Xintian County,Hunan Province has high level of genetic diversity,but the level in different populations varied widely.Daguan mountain in higher altitude is one of the wild soybean genetic diversity center in Xintian county.