中文摘要：

红腹锦鸡（Chrysolophus pictus）是中国特有珍稀鸟类,仅见于中国中部和西部的山地,为国家二级重点保护动物.采用聚合酶链式反应和直接测序的方法测定了采自湖南新宁县和龙山县的28只红腹锦鸡线粒体DNA控制区序列.在获得的1 123 bp的碱基序列中,碱基含量为T 32.79%、C 26.07%、A 26.62%和G14.52%,共检测出20个多态性核苷酸变异位点,其中简约信息位点11个.对比其它已报导的雉类控制区结构,对红腹锦鸡控制区结构进行了分析,识别了其高变Ⅰ区、中间保守Ⅱ区和保守Ⅲ区,找到了与终止相关的序列TAS以及保守序列（F、E、D、C）.28个样本共发现11种单倍型,其中单倍型hap1和hap2的比例很高.新宁种群的遗传多样性比龙山种群的高,两个种群存在基因流较频繁,未出现明显遗传分化.

英文摘要：

The gold pheasant（Chrysolophus pictus） is an endemic and rare species under state second-class protection,which only distributed in the central and western mountain area of China.Polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing methods were used to analyze the structure of the mitochondrial DNA control region and population genetic variation of C.pictus.A total of 1 123 nucleotides were sequenced in 28 gold pheasants from Xinning County（HNXN） and Longshan County（HNLS）,Hunan Province.The av-erage nucleotide composition was： 32.79% of T,26.07% of C,26.62% of A,14.52% of G.Twenty variable sites were identified,including sixteen parsimony informative sites.The mtDNA control region of gold pheasant could be partitioned into three domains,respectively,hypervariable domain Ⅰ,central conserved domain Ⅱ and conserved sequence blocks domain Ⅲ.The termination associated sequence（TAS） and some conserved blocks（F,E,D,C） were also successfully identified comparing with other pheasant homologous sequence.Eleven haplotypes were defined and most of them belonging to hap1 and hap2 types.The popula-tion genetic diversity of HNXN was higher than that of HNLS.However,the result indicated a very low ge-netic divergence between the two populations with high gene flow.