中文摘要：

以合系41×大白稻的杂交后代F7为材料,采用单因素方差分析和相关分析法研究了该群体主要农艺性状的遗传变化规律。研究表明：①株高、穗颈长、穗下节长和剑叶长4个性状的次数分布呈正态,而穗长、实粒数、总粒数、结实率的次数分布呈明显的偏态分布,均属数量性状遗传;②对F7进行选择时,株高、穗颈长、穗长、结实率的遗传潜力最大,可作重点选择,其次为穗下节长、剑叶长和总粒数,而对实粒数的选择遗传进展将很小;③该群体的株高、穗颈长、总粒数、结实率具有中等以上的遗传变异系数和遗传进度,对其选择有一定的效果;④该群体的主要农艺性状间存在一定的相关性,尤其实粒数与结实率,穗下节长与穗颈长、株高、穗长、剑叶长,穗长与株高、总粒数,株高与穗颈长间呈极显著相关关系。

英文摘要：

Using the generation F7 of Hexi 41 × Dabaidao as a material,the single factor variance and the related analysis was carried out to study the genetic rule of main agronomic characters in this population. The results showed that： （ i ） The plant height,spike neck length, node length under spike and flag leaf length had the normal limes distribution, but panicle length, filled grains per panicle , grains per panicle, seed setting rate had the obvious skew distribution,which indicated quantitative character inheritance; （ ii ） in the selection of F7, the largest genetic potentials were observed in the plant height, spike neck length, panicle length, seed setting rate ,which could be mainly selected, the next in the node length under spike, flag leaf length and grains per panicle, but the smallest in the filled grains per panicle; （ iii ） the plant height, spike neck length, grains per panicle, seed setting rate of populations,which had the medium or above genetic advance △ G and genetic variation coefficient, could be selected ; （ iv ） there was a certain correlation among the main agronomic characters of populations ,especially, the highly significant relationships were observed between the filled grains per panicle and seed setting rate, among the node length under spike and spike neck length, plant height, panicle length, flag leaf length, among the panicle length and plant height, grains per panicle and between the plant height and spike neck length.