中文摘要：

目的：观察天敌暴露饮水冲突模型大鼠海马、杏仁核相关脑区的形态结构变化以及疏肝清热健脾中药丹栀逍遥散对其的干预作用。方法经Open－Field 行为学评分后，将雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、中药组、西药组，每组8只。模型组、中药组、西药组采用天敌暴露、饮水冲突应激方法建立焦虑模型。于第15天开始，正常组、模型组予蒸馏水灌胃，西药组予盐酸丁螺环酮2 mg／（ kg· d）灌胃，中药组予丹栀逍遥散10．5 g／（ kg· d）灌胃，各组连续给药7 d。光镜下观察海马、杏仁核形态结构变化。结果正常组海马锥体细胞及杏仁核神经细胞核大而圆，细胞之间连接紧密，排列整齐。模型组海马、杏仁核可见大量的神经元出现细胞核染色质向核膜下边聚集，核固缩，形态不规则，细胞之间排列紊乱疏松无规则，细胞周围存在空隙，尤其以海马的CA2和CA3区明显。中药组和西药组较模型组有明显的改善，细胞排列尚紧凑整齐。结论疏肝清热健脾法代表方丹栀逍遥散对焦虑模型大鼠相关脑组织损伤具有一定的改善作用，可促进其损伤的恢复。

英文摘要：

Objective To observe the morphological changes in hippocampus and amygdaloid nucleus of rat model exposed to natural enemies and water drinking conflict, when administered with Danzhi Xiaoyao San （ Cortex Moutan and Furctus Gardeniae Free Wanderer Powder ） which has liver-soothing, heat-clearing and spleen-tonifying effects.Methods Evaluated by the open-field test, the male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups：normal group, model group, traditional Chinese herbal medicine group, and western medicine group, with 8 rats in each group.Rats in the model group, traditional Chinese herbal medicine group and western medicine group were exposed to natural enemies and water drinking conflict to establish anxiety model.From the 15th day on, rats in the normal group and model group were offered distilled water, and the rats in the western medicine group started on buspirone hydrochloride, while the rats in the traditional Chinese herbal medicine group were given Danzhi Xiaoyao San using intragastric administration.All the above intervention lasted for 7 consecutive days.Light microscope was used to observe the morphological changes in the hippocampus and amygdaloid nucleus. Results Somas of the neurons of the hippocampus and amygdaloid nucleus were relatively large and round in rats of normal group, and their brain cells lined up in an orderly concentrated manner.In the rats of model group, there was karyopyknosis of a large number of neurons, which were hyperchromatic and deformed;the cells were loosely arranged without patterns and there was increased space between the cells.Such feature was particularly prominent in the CA2 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus. Compared with the model group, cells in the traditional Chinese herbal medicine group and western medicine group appeared significantly better and the cell layout was relatively in order.Conclusion The Chinese herbal medicine, Danzhi Xiaoyao San, the key liver-soothing, heat-clearing and spleen-tonifying formula, may repair the encephalic region