中文摘要：

变应性鼻炎（AR）、哮喘等呼吸道变应性疾病是儿童的好发疾病,其发病率呈上升趋势。1996-2003年,全球37个国家的66个地区中,有44个地区6~7岁儿童AR发病率明显上升;2009年武汉地区3~6岁儿童AR患病率达10.8%。

英文摘要：

Summary There is an accumulating number of evidence pointing to maternal influence on the origin of allergic diseases. Prenatal window represents a critical period in which the mother influence allergic diseases of offspring. Variable factors such as the specises, exposure time and exposure dose of maternal environmental exposures may be the critical factors that influence the morbidity of respiratory allergic diseases of offspring. In this review we summarize findings from recent studies in this field.