中文摘要：

散白蚁属Reticulitermes隶属于等翅目鼻白蚁科Rhinotermitidae，是一类危害严重的重要社会性昆虫。文章回顾了近年来国内外散白蚁属系统发育和生物地理学研究进展，主要比较了传统方法和分子方法对散白蚁属系统发育的研究，包括对鼻白蚁科的进化关系研究，散白蚁属的分子系统发育现状，分子技术发展过程的总结。对散白蚁属的地理分布与其进化关系研究进行了阐述。线粒体、核基因标记和微卫星系统发育分析可以用于推测具有重要经济价值的散白蚁种类如北美散白蚁等的入侵路线和可能的入侵机制。文章最后展望了新兴测序技术、线粒体全基因组、转录组和宏基因组分析等可以用于散白蚁属系统发育分析。

英文摘要：

Species of the genus Reticulitermes （Isoptera： Rhinotermitidae） are some of the most significant pests among eusocial insects. The development in the phylogeny and biogeography of Reticulitermes was reviewed in this paper. The traditional and molecular methods on the phylogenetic analysis of the genus Reticulitermes were compared in this study. Additionally, the evolutionary relationship between the species of the family Rhinotermitidae, the phylogenetic relationships in the genus Reticulitermes and the development of molecular phylogenetic analysis technologies were also discussed. The relationship between geographic distribution and phylogeny of the genus Reticulitermes were summarized. Mitochondrion, nuclear marker and microsatellite based phylogenetic analyses can be used to infer the invasion routes and possible invade mechanisms of economic Reticulitermes （e.g. north american R. flavipes）. Finally, the emerging sequencing technology, mitochondrial genome, transcriptomics and metagenomic analyses can be used for phylogenetic analysis of the genus Reticulitermes.