中文摘要：

蚋是一类吸血传病的医学昆虫，其分类区系研究是进行媒介鉴别和蚋媒病防治的基础性工作。蚋类在形态上具有高度相似性，难以用形态学方法进行鉴定，导致目前蚋类系统发育研究基础仍较为薄弱。近年来，分子生物学的迅速发展，为蚋种类鉴定和系统发育研究提供了新的方法。综述了截止2015年1月1日在NCBI网站上提交的所有蚋科昆虫的序列信息，对蚋的分子研究进行介绍和评述，并结合我国蚋的现状以及世界各地蚋的研究情况进行了讨论与展望。

英文摘要：

Simuliidae is a kind of medical insects that transmitted diseases, its classification floristic research is the basic work to identify medium and prevent gnats media disease. Blackflies is highly similarity on morphology, it is difficult to use morphological method to identify, the foundation of system development research is still weak in recent years. Molecular biology developes rapidly, which provides a new method to do the species identification and phylogenetic research. This review summarized and analyzed the sequence information of Simuliidae, introduced and commented the molecular research of blackflies, and discussed and prospected the blackflies research situation in world.