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中文摘要：
通过测量超声波在不锈钢壁内多次反射回波信号来确定乙醇溶液的声阻抗值,测量从反射板壁面反射回来的二次回波时差来确定溶液中的声速。测得的回波信号经快速傅里叶变换（FFT）处理,得到某一特定频率下的振幅值,将这一系列振幅值在对数坐标下作数据拟合,由拟合斜率值并结合多次反射理论求得溶液的密度。运用该方法对不同浓度的乙醇溶液进行了实验研究,结果与理论配比值较为吻合。超声波多次回波反射法具有测量装置简单、非侵入式测量、可实时处理数据等优点,可用于需作在线测量的各种工业过程。
英文摘要：
The acoustic impedance of the ethanol solution was detected by the multiple echoes reflected from the steel wall.The velocity of sound in the solution was determined by the time-of-flight between the first echo reflected from the wall-liquid interface and the second echo which transmitted through the sample and reflected from the opposite wall.The amplitude at a certain frequency can be obtained by the fast Fourier transform of each echo.Then the density of the ethanol solution can be calculated using the multiple reflections of ultrasonic waves though the regress analysis of amplitude values.The density values of the ethanol solutions in different concentrations are in good agreement with the given values.This method using multiple reflections of ultrasonic waves has the advantages of simple experimental devices,non-invasive and real-time measurements,which can be developed in process control in many industrial applications.
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