中文摘要：

本文提出从利用投入和产出效应2个方面测度耕地集约利用,并构建耕地集约利用评价的3种基本类型：粗放化型、集约化型和过度化型。以处于不同城市化水平下的江西省和江苏省两个粮食主产区为例,剖析两省2001年-2010年耕地（水稻种植）集约利用的差异及其政策启示。结果表明：①近10a来,城市化水平低的江西省单位耕地面积水稻种植总投入、省工性投入和增产性投入与城市化水平高的江苏省的差距明显缩小,其中省工性投入的差距最小,而江西省的水稻单产,尤其是水稻净利润在2010年进一步低于江苏省;②尽管江西省和江苏省耕地利用属于集约化型的年份均最多,但属于过度化型的年份比例偏高,分别为33.33%和22.22%,这说明两省尤其是江西省耕地产出效应没有同步跟进或者需要进一步跟进耕地利用投入;③江苏省应凭借自身优势推行农业现代化,江西省需增加以增产性投入为核心的农业投入和推行以加大种粮补贴、提高粮食收购价格为重点的惠农政策。

英文摘要：

The main grain producing areas in China contribute 75% of total national grain output and are important to China＇ s food security. We analyzed Jiangxi and Jiangsu provinces, main grain producing areas with different urbanization levels, using cultivation data from 2001 to 2010. Rice planting inputs and outputs were calculated to measure the level of cultivated land use （intension, extensification and over-use）. We found that total input, yield-increasing input and labor-saving input in Jiangxi （low urbanization levels） are lower than that in Jiangsu （high urbanization level）, but the gap is narrowing. Rice yield per hectare, especially net profit of rice cultivation, in Jiangxi is behind that of Jiangsu. Labor-saving input in Jiangxi is larger than for Jiangsu. The labor costs of rice planting in Jiangxi declined from 2001 to 2009, while labor costs in Jiangsu increased in 2006, exceeded Jiangxi in 2009, and was 101.80 CNY/ha higher than Jiangxi in 2010. Outputs of cultivated land in both provinces, especially Jiangxi, are lagging behind inputs. To improve cultivated land intensity and protect food security, Jiangsu should carry out agricultural modernization and Jiangxi should increase the input of cultivated land. We discuss severl policy implications arising from our findings.