中文摘要：

以2000年五普和2010年六普人口街道级数据为基础，其它人口和空间数据为补充，建立GIS数据库。运用GIS空间分析法、人口重心法，首次以街道级单元对北京、上海、广州、武汉四大城市流动人口的空间分布与变化特征进行了分析。研究表明：北京、上海流动人口11年间增长了一倍多，目前已经占到城市总人口量的一半以上，是名副其实的外来人口城市；广州由于周边城市群发育良好，流动人口量增长缓慢；而武汉流动人口比重迅速提升，显示出后发实力。流动人口的空间分布与城市化发展阶段、产业布局、城市规划引导、生存成本、空间接触机会密切相关；北京与上海分布最多的区域都集中在中心城区及边缘区内缘，负增长集中在郊区，广州和武汉则集中在中心城区外缘和边缘区内缘，中心城区局部和郊区都有负增长；北京、上海流动人口分布趋于均衡，广州、武汉趋于集中，总的来看，北、上、广、汉流动人口继续向城市核心区和边缘区集聚，同时数据表明规划编制在引导和疏解旧城流动人口上是失效的。

英文摘要：

Floating population contributes to a big part of China＇s urbanization rate. The GIS database is based on street-level data of the fifth and sixth census- es in 2000 and 2010 and data from other sources. This paper uses GIS spatial analysis and population mean center methods to analyze the spatial distribution and variation of floating population at street-level in Beijing, Shanghai, Guang- zhou and. The research shows that： floating population in Beijing and Shanghai had more than doubled, accounting for more than half of the total urban popula- fion, and these two cities can be called migrant city. Guangzhou had a slow floating population increase, due to sustained development of the surrounding ur- ban agglomerations. In the case of Wuhan, the proportion of migrants had in- creased rapidly, indicating a potential to catch up with other cities. The spatial dis- tribution of floating population is closely related to the stage of urbanization, spa- tial structure of industrial development, urban planning guidance, living cost and opportunities for spatial contact. The tion in Beijing and Shanghai were m most concentrated areas for floating popula- the city centers and the inner edge of the peri-urban zones, with negative growth concentrated in the suburbs. The most con- centrated areas for floating population in Guangzhou and Wuhan were in the out- er edges of the city centers and the inner edge of the peri-urban zones, with nega- tive growth concentrated in parts of the central area and suburbs. The distribution of floating population in Beijing and Shanghai tends to he balanced, while in Guangzhou and Wuhan this distribution tends to be more concentrated. Overall, the distribution of floating population of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Wu- hart continues to gather in the urban center and peri-urban areas.