中文摘要：

目的：采用弥散张量成像（DTI）研究甲基苯丙胺（MA）依赖者的脑白质微结构的改变,并探讨其与认知功能的关系。方法：对30名MA依赖者和29名健康对照进行认知功能测验和DTI扫描。利用TBSS方法进行全脑白质各向异性分数（FA）值的组间比较。结果：MA和健康对照的认知功能并无差异。两组的FA值存在组别和性别的交互作用。相较于男性健康对照,男性依赖者内囊部位的FA值降低（0.650±0.021 vs.0.617±0.020）,而相较于女性健康对照,女性依赖者在楔前叶白质和胼胝体辐射线枕部的FA值升高（0.523±0.0190 vs.606±0.037）。结论：MA依赖者白质微结构的异常具有性别效应,男、女依赖者白质异常的脑区和FA值变化的方向均有差异。

英文摘要：

Objective：To investigate white matter microstructure changes in methamphetamine（MA） abstinents using diffusion tensor imaging（DTI）,and to explore their relationship with cognitive function.Methods：A total of 30 MA dependent individuals and 29 healthy controls underwent cognitive tests and DTI scan.Tract based spatial statistic（TBSS） was run to process FA differences between groups.Results：The MA and healthy controls performed no differences in the cognitive tests.As FA,a group by gender interaction effect was found.Compared with healthy controls,the male MA dependent individuals had decreased FA in internal capsule（0.650 ±0.021 vs.0.617 ±0.020） and the female MA dependent individuals had increased FA in forceps major and precuneus white matter（0.523 ±0.0190 vs.606 ±0.037）.Conclusion：There was a gender difference in MA-related white matter microstructure deficits.Male and female MA abstinents differed in the location and the direction of FA change.