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中文摘要：
目的研究慢性氯胺酮依赖者脑灰质改变情况。方法采用基本体素的形态学分析方法对41名氯胺酮依赖者和44名未使用任何成瘾物质的健康志愿者进行两组之间的脑灰质体积比较。结果与对照组相比，氯胺酮依赖组的双侧额叶区（左额上回和右额中回）灰质体积下降（P〈0．05，纠正后，cluster水平）；氯胺酮使用的时间（月）与双侧额叶灰质体积呈负相关，而估计的氯胺酮使用总量只和左额上回的灰质体积呈负相关。结论本研究首次报道了氯胺酮依赖者的双侧额叶灰质体积下降，并与使用时间和使用量有关。
英文摘要：
Objective Using three - dimensional magnetic resonance imaging to assess volumetric abnormalities of grey matter in chronic ketamine dependent subjects. Methods We used voxel based morphometry in conjunction with statistical parametric mapping on the structural magnetic resonance images of ketamine - dependent （n =41 ） and drugnaive control individuals （n =44） to assess differences between the two groups in gray matter volume. Results We found a decrease in gray matter volume in bilateral frontal （left superior frontal and right middle frontal） cortex of ketamine patients in comparison to controls （P 〈0. 05 corrected for multiple comparisons at cluster - level）. Also, we found that the duration （months） of ketamine use was negatively correlated with gray matter volume in bilateral frontal cortex while the estimated total lifetime ketamine consumption was only negatively correlated with gray matter volume in left superior frontal cortex. Conclusions This is the first voxel - based morphometry study showing reduction of frontal gray matter volume in patients with ketamine dependence and showing the correlation of duration of ketamine use and cumulative doses of ketamine with decrease of frontal gray matter volume. Brain structural study of the affected areas in patients with ketamine dependence might better guide future research into the poorly understood condition of ketamine addiction and its correlates of schizophrenia.
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