目的分析首发精神分裂症和慢性精神分裂症脑白质完整性变化。方法2009年8月至2011年2月在中山大学附属第三医院精神科住院部或门诊部就诊的39例首发精神分裂症患者、38例慢性精神分裂症患者和广告招募的69名健康对照进行脑磁共振弥散张量成像,3组图像以基于体素的分析方法进行单因素方差分析,提取阳性结果区平均FA值再进行多重比较。结果(1)首发精神分裂症、慢性精神分裂症和健康对照在以下脑区的白质FA值存在差异:右侧尾状核区域(MNI:20、12、14,cluster=432voxels,FA值:0.36±4-0.18比0.35±0.24比0.38±0.17);左侧岛叶区域(MNI:-32、18、2,cluster=204 voxels,FA值:0.35士0.31比0.33±0.24比0.36±0.21);右侧前扣带区(MNI:16、36、12,cluster=132voxels,FA值:0.35±0.29比0.34±0.31比0.37±0.25)。(2)两患者组上述脑区的白质平均FA值均低于健康对照组(均P〈0.05)。(3)慢性精神分裂症左侧岛叶区的白质平均FA值低于首发精神分裂症(P〈0.05),另两脑区FA值两组间差异无统计学意义。结论脑白质完整性异常与精神分裂症的发病机制可能有关,且可能进行性发展。
Objective To investigate the integrity of white matters in first-episode and chronic schizophrenics. Methods For this study, 39 first-episode and 38 chronic schizophrenics, 69 healthy controls (age, gender and years of received education no significantly different from those of the patients) underwent diffusion weighted images with a single-shot echo planar imaging (EPI) sequence aligned to the straight axial plane. The fractional anisotropy (FA) images of three groups underwent one-way ANOVA with the methods of voxel-based morphometric ( VBM ) analysis. Results ( 1 ) There were three brain regions where the FA values of white matter were different among three groups : fight caudate nucleus ( MN1:20, 12, 14; cluster =432 voxels; FA value:O. 36±0. 18 vs O. 35±0. 24 vs 0. 38 ±0. 17), left insula (MNI: -32, 18, 2; cluster = 204 voxels; FA value:0. 35± 0. 31 vs O. 33 + O. 24 vs O. 36 ± 0. 21 ) and right anterior cingulated(MNI:16, 36, 12; cluster = 132 voxels;FA value:0. 35±0. 29 vs 0. 34±0. 31 vs 0.37±0. 25). (2) The mean FA values of the three brain regions of two patients groups decreased versus those of healthy controls ( P 〈 0. 05 ). ( 3 ) The mean FA values of left insular region in chronic patients decreased versus those of the first-episode patients ( P 〈 O. 05 ). Conclusion The reduced integrity of white matter may play an etiological role in schizophrenia and the changes are probably progressive.