中文摘要：

针对无线传感器网络中的三维表面覆盖问题,提出一种基于方向梯度的覆盖算法。首先将三维表面垂直投影到二维平面上,然后采用区域离散化的思想,将二维平面离散成若干个网格点,再根据方向梯度概率感知模型,确定每个点覆盖的范围,最后通过贪婪算法找出满足覆盖率的最小覆盖集。该方法采用的方向梯度概率感知模型,充分考虑了三维表面地形的影响以及实际应用中的感知范围衰减因素。通过大量仿真实验表明,该方法能有效覆盖三维区域。

英文摘要：

Aiming at the problem of 3D surface coverage in wireless sensor networks,a coverage algorithm based on directional gradient is proposed. First,the 3D surface was projected onto the 2D plane directly by the projection method.Then,the 2D plane was divided into a number of grids and each grid was considered as a grid point by the way of zone discretization. Next the actual sensing radius of each direction was decided by the directional gradient probability sensing model. Finally,we found the minimal cover set satisfying the coverage rate using the greedy algorithm. In this method,the directional gradient probability sensing model was adopted,which fully considered the influence of the 3D surface topography and the attenuation factor of the sensing range in the practical application. A large number of simulation experiments show that the proposed algorithm can effectively cover the 3D terrains.