中文摘要：

聚乳酸是一种重要的可生物降解／吸收高分子材料，广泛地用作可降解塑料、纤维和生物材料，市场前景广阔。它具有与聚烯烃相当的力学强度和加工性能，但耐热性和抗冲性较差。为满足各种应用的需要，其热性能、力学性能和气体阻隔性等尚需进一步提高。通过与无机纳米材料复合的方法，可以明显地提高聚乳酸的性能。本文介绍了近年来聚乳酸有机一无机纳米复合材料的制备、结构与性能等方面的研究进展，对三者的相互关系进行了评述，并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。

英文摘要：

Polylactic acid is one of most important and promising biodegradable and bioabsorbable materials. It has been widely applied as biodegradable plastics and fibers as well as biomaterials, and therefore, is of tremendous market value. Polylactic acid has polyolefins-comparative mechanical and processing properties but unsatisfactory heat and impact resistance. Its thermal, mechanical and gas barrier properties need to be enhanced to satisfy various applications. Preparation of nanocomposites of polylactic acid with inorganic nanoparticles is an effective approach to remarkably improve the properties. The progress in the preparation, structure and properties of polylactic acid-based nanocomposites as well as the relationships among them are reviewed, and the prospect of this field is discussed.