中文摘要：

本研究选用了1989年、1998年以及2009年Landsat TM／ETM＋影像，利用3S技术，深入剖析了盐渍地的分布与变化状况，结合研究区20年水盐动态变化，分析了盐渍土土壤的含水量、含盐量、pH值、TDS以及7大化学成分的分布现状，并基于土地利用／覆被变化的研究，研究了土地利用／覆被变化与土壤盐渍化效应的影响。分析结果表明：①20年间，研究区土地利用／覆被类型有很大的变化，综合土地利用动态度仅为0．476％，中轻度盐渍地和重度盐渍地恶化速率呈现先增加后减少的趋势，盐渍化进程有所遏制，但依然无法扭转逐步恶化的趋势。②研究区土壤呈碱性，土壤盐渍化的危害主要是NaCl，其次是MgCl2以及Na2SO4；各采样点不同深度的含水量大小存在明显差异，但变化趋势基本相似，其中表层土壤的含水量与其他深度土层含水量的区别显著；不同深度的土层，盐渍土的类型也有着较大的差异性。③20年间，耕地转化为中轻度盐渍地和重度盐渍地的面积分别占原耕地面积的3．484％和0．418％，水体、沙漠、其他与中轻度盐渍地、重度盐渍地的相互转化均非常微弱，中轻度盐渍地与重度盐渍地之间的相互转化频繁。

英文摘要：

This study, taking the typical oasis of Shaya, Xinjiang as an example, used three temporal images combined with field surveys. With the application of remote sensing, GIS and GPS, this paper investigates the distribution and changes of the slight-moderate and heavy saline land, and examines the relationship between the slight-moderate saline land, heavy saline land and other types of landscapes. Combining with the water-salt dynamics in the study area during the last 20 years, it analyzed the distribution of the saline soil moisture content, pH value, degree of mineralization and the chemical composition, and conducted a study on land use/cover changes and salinization effects in the dry area. The conclusions can be drawn as follows. （1） From 1989 to 2009, various types of land use/cover changes significantly affected the study area and there was frequent conversion of one type into another, with comprehensive land use degree being 0.476% in the study area. Between the former nine years and the latter eleven years, the rate of deterioration of slight-moderate and heavy saline land showed a decreasing trend after the first increase. Although the salinization was mitigated, it was still unable to reverse the gradual salinization in the study area and the heavy saline land continued to increase. （2） The soil in the study area was alkaline, and the major soluble ions were Na^＋, Mg^2＋, Cl^-, and SO4^2- It is reported that soil alkalization was caused mainly by NaCl, followed by MgCl2 and Na2SO4. The soil moisture content at a 0-10 cm depth was low, while that at depths of 10-30 cm and 30-50 cm was higher. Although soil moisture content of the sampling points at differtent depths were different, but the trends were similar. Different depths of soil and types of saline soil also had a large difference, and the most surface soil salinity was different between different depths. （3） During the 20 years, the area conversion of farmland to slight-moderate and heavy saline land accounted for 3.484% and 0.418%,