中文摘要：

基于2015年我国17个省份28所高校的毕业生就业状况数据，从专业结构、层次结构、地区结构、能力结构等方面对我国高等教育结构与产业结构之间的关系进行了实证研究。结果显示：第一，我国经济发展对毕业生行业选择的影响显著。2015年呈现出金融业就业比重上升、制造业比重下降的趋势。第二．存在显著的专业不匹配现象。调查数据显示。超过三成半的毕业生工作与专业不对口。第三．存在过度教育现象。调查数据显示，有21．6％的毕业生存在过度教育情况。第四．我国高校对学生能力的培养与市场需求有错位。在29项个人能力增值评价中得分最低的5项依次是：外语能力、对复杂的社会组织和技术系统的了解、计算机能力、国际视野、创新能力。当今世界正处于经济全球化、移动互联网、知识经济交织的时代．对上述能力的需求很大。

英文摘要：

This paper focus on the relationship between higher education structure and industrial structure. Based on the data from a sample survey of 28 Chinese higher education institutions in 17 provinces in 2015, empirical analysis finds the following conclusions： China＇s economic development has a significant impact on the graduates＇ selection of industry. Employment in the financial industry shows a rising trend and the proportion of manufacturing industry declines. Graduates＇ work and major mismatch significantly. Data shows that more than 35% of graduates get a mismatch between their work and major. There is an over-education phenomenon. Data shows that 21.6% of graduates are over-educated. Many students pursue further education in order to increase the success rate of job-searching, resulting a waste of talent and resources. The cultivation of university students＇ ability in China is displaced with market＇s demand. The five lowest items of 29 individual competencies＇ evaluation are foreign language ability, understanding of complex social organization and technical system, computer skills, international vision and innovation ability. The world is in the era of economic globalization, mobile internet and knowledge economy, which calls for a great demand of above five capabilities.