中文摘要：

基因治疗是用于人类疾病治疗的一种新方法。基因载体系统是基因治疗面临的一个严峻挑战。基因载体包括病毒载体和非病毒载体，目前基因治疗中使用的主要是病毒载体。病毒载体具有转染率高的优点，但是却存在着安全性差等缺点，因此非病毒载体越来越受到关注。纳米颗粒是一种很有研究潜力的非病毒载体，其中基于天然高分子材料的纳米颗粒基因载体具有许多优良的特性。主要就天然高分子纳米颗粒的研究现状进行了综述。

英文摘要：

Gene therapy is a new therapy technique for human being. Gene delivery system is a challenge for gene therapy. Gene vectors include viral vectors and non-viral vectors, while viral vectors are mostly applied in clinic. Viral vectors usually work with high gene transfer capability. But they have some limitations such as low security, et al, so non-viral vectors are paid more and more attention. Nanoparticle is one of non-viral vectors with huge potential, and the nanoparticle based on natural macromolecular has many excellent properties. This article reviews the recent studies on natural macromolecule nanoparticle as gene vector.