中文摘要：

近表面在冷区域戏结冰 / 融化周期在表面精力预算，水文学活动，和陆上的生态系统的一个主要角色。在这研究，社区陆地模型，版本 4 并且高分辨率的大气的数据的一间套房被用来在近表面的土壤调查变化响应从 1981 ～ 2010 在西藏的高原上温暖结冰 / 融化周期。在里面 situ，基于观察的确认显示出那在比较的规模失配的原因，模仿的土壤温度，冻结开始并且结束日期，并且冻结持续时间在近表面是合理的。响应以约 0.44 的率温暖西藏的高原 ? 楡敮 ? 桴 ? 湩敨敲瑮椠普畬湥楣杮氠睡 ? 景猠浯 ? 慦瑣牯 ? 湯琠敨洠瑡牥慩獬搠湹浡捩戠?敦楲杮瀠牥潦浲湡散 . ？？

英文摘要：

The near-surface freeze/thaw cycle in cold regions plays a major role in the surface energy budget, hydrological activity, and terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, the Community Land Model, Version 4 and a suite of high-resolution atmospheric data were used to investigate the changes in the near-surface soil freeze/thaw cycle in response to the warming on the Tibetan Plateau from 1981 to 2010. The in situ observations-based validation showed that, considering the cause of scale mismatch in the comparison, the simulated soil temperature, freeze start and end dates, and freeze duration at the near-surface were reasonable. In response to the warming of the Tibetan Plateau at a rate of approximately 0.44 ℃ decade-1, the freeze start-date became delayed at an area-mean rate of 1.7 days decade-1, while the freeze end-date became advanced at an area-mean rate of 4.7 days decade-1. The delaying of the freeze start-date, which was combined with the advancing of the freeze end-date, resulted in a statis- tically significant shortening trend with respect to the freeze duration, at an area-mean rate of 6.4 days decade-1. Such changes would strongly affect the surface energy flux, hydrological processes, and vegetation dynamics. We also found that the rate of freeze-duration shortening at the near-surface soil layer was approximately 3.0 days decade-1 lower than that at a depth of 1 m. This implied that the changes in soil freeze/thaw cycles at the near surface cannot be assumed to reflect the situation in deeper soil layers. The significant correlations between freeze duration and air temperature indicated that the shortening of the near-surface freeze duration was caused by the rise in air temperature, which occurred especially in spring, followed by autumn. These results can be used to reveal the laws governing the response of the near-surface freeze/thaw cycle to climate change and indicate related changes in permafrost.