中文摘要：

选择性电沉积技术可用于机械零件局部表面功能性涂层的制备,还可用于局部损失部位的尺寸恢复,该技术具有沉积电流密度大、沉积速度快的特点,但同时存在沉积层残余应力大、易产生裂纹、质量不均匀等不足。将超声波引入选择性电沉积可减小沉积层的内应力,提高沉积层的硬度和耐腐蚀性能,实现机械零件局部高性能涂层的制备及小型精密件的快速成形。介绍了浸没式超声辅助选择性电沉积、超声辅助喷射电沉积以及工件振动式超声辅助喷射电沉积等超声波在选择性电沉积技术中的应用方式,重点介绍了超声波对镀层表面形貌、相结构、硬度、耐磨性、耐腐蚀性等的影响,探讨了超声空化、热效应和机械效应等超声波影响选择性电沉积的机理,并指出了超声波辅助选择性电沉积技术存在的问题及发展方向。

英文摘要：

Selective electrodeposition could be used to prepare functional coating on the local surface of mechanical parts and to recover the size of their local damages.This technique possessed the characteristics of high deposition current density and deposition speed,and the problems of high residual stress,easy to crack and uniform quality in the deposition coating.If ultrasound was introduced in the elective electrodeposition,the coating residual stress will be reduced,the coating hardness and corrosion resistance will be improved,so that ultrasonic assisted selective electrodeposition could be used for preparation of high-performance coatings on local areas of mechanical parts and rapid prototy-ping of small precision parts.The application mode of ultrasonic in selective electrodeposition technol-ogy such as immersion ultrasonic assisted selective electrodeposition,ultrasonic assisted jet electro-deposition,and jet electrodeposition with substrate ultrasonic frequency vibrated were listed herein. The effects of ultrasound on the coating surface morphology,phase structure,hardness,wear resist-ance,corrosion resistance,etc.were introduced.The mechanism of ultrasound affected selective elec-trodeposition such as ultrasonic cavitation,thermal effects and mechanical effects was discussed.And the problems and development direction of the ultrasonic assisted selective electrodeposition were pointed out.