中文摘要：

水果的定向技术在水果的机械化加工过程中以及机械化分级、检测中有着广泛的应用,特别是杏果实沿接缝线准确切分,必须首先对杏果实进行定向。本文以刚体动力学为基础,对单轴对称水果在输送过程中的动力学机理进行了理论分析,建立了单轴对称水果在输送过程中的动力学方程,利用李雅普诺夫V函数稳定性研究分析表明,水果在原点是稳定的;应用ADAMS软件对定向过程进行动态仿真,得出椭球绕着最大惯性矩主轴的旋转是稳定的;并通过专用试验装置对新疆多种杏子进行定向试验,得出当杏果实的长径转动惯量与骑径转动惯量的比较大时,定向的成功率较高,最高可达88%。

英文摘要：

The oritation technology of fruits is extensively applied in mechanical sizing and detecting of fruits. This paper theoretically analyzed dynamic mechanism of monosymmetrical fruits in transportation based on rigid body dynamics. The kinetic equation of monosymmetrical fruits in transportation was established and analyzed using the stability of Lyapunov V-function. The result showed that fruit was stable at the origin. Through dynamic simulation for oritation process using ADAMS, it was found that the rotation of ellipsoid around the maximum moment of inertia axis was stable. In addition, the oritation experiment for apricots in Xinjiang was conducted by special test device. It was obtained that the orientation success rate was higher when the ratio of the moment inertia of major diameter and riding diameter of apricots was larger, with the oritation success rate up to 88%.