中文摘要：

在以电熔镁砂和鳞片石墨为主原料，热固性酚醛树脂为结合剂制备的MgO-C材料中，为了避免酚醛树脂炭化后产生的碳脆性大、石墨化难且抗氧化性差等不足，研究了单独添加2％（w）的球状Ni粉以及同时添加2％（w）的球状Ni粉和7．5％（w）的Al粉对MgO-C材料基质中次生碳显微结构的影响。结果表明：添加球状Ni粉的酚醛树脂炭化后有大量的碳晶须生成；仅添加球状Nj粉的MgO-C试样经不同温度热处理后，生成的物相均以碳微球的形式存在，随着热处理温度的升高，碳微球变化并不明显；同时添加Al粉和球状M粉的MgO-C试样经1000℃热处理后开始有碳晶须生成，碳晶须的直径约0．4～0．5μm，长度3～4μm，随着热处理温度的升高，碳晶须的生成量逐渐增加。

英文摘要：

In order to tackle the shortcomings of high brittleness, hard graphitization,and poor oxidation re- sistance resulted from carbonization of phenolic resin of MgO-C refractories,effects of 2 mass% spherical Ni,and 2 mass% spherical Ni plus 7.5 mass% AI composite powder on microstructure of the secondary carbon in MgO-C refractories matrix were investigated. The results show that a large numbers of carbon whiskers form after the carbonization of phenolic resin with Ni powder;in the MgO-C refractories matrix with only Ni powder,the carbon microspheres form at all treatment temperatures and change slightly with temperature rising;the carbon whiskers begin to generate in the specimens with composite powder at ：1 000 ℃,the diameter of carbon whiskers is about 0.4-0.5 μm ,and the length is about 3-4 μm ,and the formation amount of carbon whiskers increases gradually with temperature rising.