中文摘要：

讨论了在材料科学与工程研究中进行三维重构的意义和必要性，介绍了基于连续切片的三维重构技术的理论、方法及在材料科学与工程中的研究和应用进展。指出基于切片的三维重构技术对材料凝固过程中微观结构定量分析、微观组织一性能的研究提供了有力支持，结合数值模拟技术可为材料凝固过程中复杂组织的形成机理及凝固理论的发展提供理论和精确的实验依据，从而对新材料的设计与开发产生重要作用。最后简要介绍了三维重构技术在定向凝固过程中多相组织分析的应用，并展望了三维重构技术的发展方向。

英文摘要：

The significance and necessity of three-dimensional reconstruction in materials science and enginee- ring research are discussed in this paper. The theory, methods and recent progress of three-dimensional reconstruction techniques based on serial sections are reviewed. It is pointed that serial sectioning-based three-dimensional reconstruction can provide strong support for quantitative analysis of material microstructure-properties during solidification process. Combined with numerical simulation, three-dimensional reconstruction can present theoretical and accurate experimental basis for the formation mechanism of complex microstructures and the development of solidification theo- ry, and thus play an important role in the design and development of novel materials. Finally, the applications of three-dimensional reconstruction in the analysis of multi-phase structures formation during directional solidification are briefly introduced and the development directions of three-dimensional reconstruction are prospected.