中文摘要：

简述海洋微型浮游植物分子生态学领域研究进展，综述分子生物学技术在海洋微型浮游植物物种鉴定、系统发生学、群落组成、生态适应与生态功能等方面的应用成果．分子标记和核酸序列为海洋微型浮游植物鉴定与系统发生树的构建提供了更为细致的指标；不依赖纯化培养技术的原位分子方法能较为全面地描述浮游植物群落的多样性组成结构，荧光原位杂交等定量分析技术实现了对种群时空分布和动态的监测；通过功能基因与基因组序列分析等遗传基础分析方法，探讨浮游植物对环境适应的分子机制．研究其生态适应与生态功能．

英文摘要：

The progress on molecular ecology research was reviewed in this paper,in which molecular methods were applied for ecological studies such as species identification, phylogeny, community structure,ecological adaptation and ecological function determination. Molecular markers and DNA/RNA sequences provided detailer indicators for identification of nano-phytoplankton and construction of phylogenetic tree. Culture-independent in situ methods allowed description of community composition comprehensively. Quantitative protocoles such as fluorescent in situ hybridization（FISH） could be applied to monitor the dynamics and distribution of targeted population,and ecological adaptation and function.