中文摘要：

泛素化是常见的蛋白质翻译后修饰方式之一，其参与了生物体内细胞分裂与分化、生长发育、转录调节、损伤应激、免疫应答等多方面的生理活动．近年来，泛素研究领域的重要成员之一——去泛素化酶（deubiquitylating enzymes）被不断发现和报道．作为一类可以移除泛素的异肽酶类，去泛素化酶具有结构和功能的多样性．基因表达调控一直是分子遗传学的研究热点，系统整理和总结去泛素化酶与基因表达调控的关系具有重要意义．本文综述了去泛素化酶与基因表达调控的关系，包括去泛素化酶与染色质稳态维持、细胞周期调控和DNA损伤修复等三个方面，并对该领域未来的研究方向进行了预测和讨论．

英文摘要：

Ubiquitination is one of the pervasively studied ways of post-transcriptional modifications （PTMs）, which orchestras a plethora of physiological events, including cell mitosis, cell differentiation, cell growth, transcriptional controls, DNA damage repair and immune responses. Recently, a constitutive member of ＂The Ubiquitin Kingdom＂ called DUB （deubiquitylating enzymes） has come into the center of the stage. As an iso-peptidase, DUBs govern distinct structures and various functions. Meanwhile, the topic of gene expression control has always been the cutting edge of life sciences. It is of great importance to summarize the relationships between DUBs and gene expression regulations. In this review, we summarize the roles that DUBs play in three fields： First, chromatin regulation. Second, cell cycle control. Third, DNA damage response. Finally, we discussed and predicted the potential perspectives.