中文摘要：

目的探讨血红蛋白变构剂5-羟甲基糠醛[5-（Hydroxymethyl）-2-furfural，5-HMF]对血红蛋白氧结合特性的作用及其对大鼠耐缺氧能力的影响。方法将sD成年雄性大鼠随机分为4组：平原空白组、高原空白组、平原用药组、高原用药组。空白组用生理盐水、用药组以50mg／kg5-HMF腹腔给药。高原暴露采用模拟海拔5000m低压舱内24h。各组按原剂量经腹腔重复给药30rain后从腹主动脉采血，测血气及氧平衡曲线。大鼠经过游泳训练后，负重游泳力竭实验检测负重游泳力竭时间。大鼠经过记忆训练后，Moms水迷宫空间探索试验测大鼠空间记忆能力。结果高原空白组负重游泳力竭时间、目标象限大鼠滞留时间、穿越平台位置次数、血氧饱和度、血氧分压等指标，较平原空白组显著降低（P〈0．05），高原用药后这些指标显著升高，但是负重游泳力竭时间、目标象限大鼠滞留时间仍低于平原水平。各给药组PSO、希尔系数均较相应空白组显著降低（P〈0．05）。平原用药组较平原空白组负重游泳力竭时间显著降低（P〈0．05），血氧分压显著升高，其余指标无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。结论5-HMF在低氧条件下可增加血红蛋白氧亲和力、血氧饱和度及血氧分压，增强游泳耐力和空间记忆能力。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the effect of 5-（ hydroxymethyl）-2-furfural （5-HMF）, hemoglobin allosteric agent, on the hemoglobin-oxygen affinity and hypoxia resistance capacity. Methods Adult SD male rats were randomly divided into a plain blank group, a high altitude blank group, a plain administration group and a high altitude administration group. 5-HMF was intraperitoneally injected into the SD rats at a dose of 50 mg/kg, and the rats were exposed in a hypoxia chamber for simulating 5 000 m of high altitude environment for 24 h. After 30 min repeated administration, blood was collected from the abdominal aorta to determine blood oxygen saturation （SaO2 ）, partial pressure of carbon dioxide （PaCO2 ）, partial pressure of oxygen （PaO2 ）, HCO3 , and oxygen binging curve. Exhaustion swimming time and spatial memory ability of the trained rats were assayed in the presence or absence of 5-HMF under hypoxia or normoxia. Morris water maze was applied to assay spatial memory ability. Results 5-HMF administration significantly decreased 1）50 and Hill coefficient under hypoxia or normoxia. Under hypoxia, PaCO2, SaO2, PaO2, I-ICO3-, exhaustion time, target quadrant retention time and frequency across the platform were all decreased significantly compared to those under normoxia. These indicators were all increased significantly after 5-HMF administration under hypoxia, but still lower than those under normoxia, except HCO3- and frequency across the platform. After administration, PaO2 was increased, and exhaustion time was decreased under normoxia. Conclusion 5-HMF increases hemoglobin-oxygen affinity, SaO2 and PaO2 under hypoxia, and further ameliorates the swimming endurance and spatial memory ability.