中文摘要：

我国是世界上高原面积最大、平均海拔最高、居住人口最多的国家,高原国防和经济地位十分重要,但是高原环境十分恶劣,严重威胁进入高原环境人员的身心健康。高原环境对机体不利的主要自然因素是低压低氧、寒冷、干燥以及强紫外线等。这些环境因素对机体产生广泛影响,一是引起高原特发性疾病——高原病,二是引起脑、体作业能力降低,三是影响生殖、发育、衰老以及多种伤病的发生、发展。

英文摘要：

High altitude diseases are a group of idiopathic diseases induced by high altitude hypobaric hypoxia,seriously threatening the health of people living in the plateau,and are key issues in the researches on high altitude medicine. Though significant progress has been made in the pathogenesis and preventive measures of the diseases,many problems still remain unclear. In recent year,a lot of researches suggest that inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the diseases. Particularly,unbalance of vasoconstriction /vasodilation,increased vascular permeability and other inflammatory vascular responses are the key mechanism of acute high altitude diseases,and excessive pulmonary vascular remodeling,myocardial remodeling,blood remodeling and other excessive inflammatory responses induce chronic high altitude diseases such as high altitude pulmonary artery hypertension,high altitude heart disease and high altitude polycythemia.