中文摘要：

金属硫化物矿区尾矿的自然风化可产生大量含重金属和硫酸根离子的酸性矿山废水,造成矿区及下游水体和土壤的严重污染.文中介绍了笔者及其团队的相关研究工作：基于矿山尾矿的化学及微生物氧化机理,开发了缓释杀菌剂以抑制微生物氧化,并制备出以三乙烯四胺二硫代氨基甲酸钠为代表的尾矿钝化剂,隔断尾矿与空气、水和微生物的接触,抑制尾矿的氧化,实现从源头上控制重金属和硫酸根离子的释放;针对矿区重金属和硫酸根离子主要通过水体迁移造成周围环境污染的现状,开发了利用改性玉米秸秆、花生壳、稻草等吸附材料去除重金属和硫酸根离子的技术,并通过硫酸盐还原菌在改性吸附材料上的固定化构建了能同时去除重金属和硫酸根的生化功能材料.此外,还开发了利用经济作物玉米来修复污染土壤的＂边生产-边修复＂技术,实现了农业生产与土壤修复的同时进行.

英文摘要：

The natural weathering of mine tailings in metal sulfide mine areas can generate and release huge amounts of acid mine drainage （AMD） containing heavy metals and sulfate ions, which may result in serious con- tamination of local and downstream environment of water and soils. In this paper, the relevant researches completed by the authors and their team are introduced as follows ： （ 1 ） based on the chemical and microbial oxidation mecha- nisms of the mine railings, sustained-release bactericides were developed to inhibit microbial oxidation and several passivators such as sodium triethylenetetramine-bisdithioearbamate were produced to cut off the contact between the tailings and the air, water and microbes so as to inhibit the oxidation of the tailings, thus controlling the release of heavy metals and sulfate ions from the source; （2） in view of the fact that the heavy metal and sulfate contamina- tion of the surrounding environment in mine areas is caused mainly by means of water migration, absorbent mate- rials from modified maize straw, peanut shells and rice straw were developed to remove heavy metals and sulfate ions from AMD and a biochemical function material capable of simultaneously removing heavy metals and sulfate ions was built by immobilizing sulfate-reducing bacteria onto modified absorbent materials; and （3） a technique by the name of ＂production simultaneously with remediation＂ was devised, which adopts the economic crop of corn to remediate contaminated soils, thus realizing soil remediation simultaneously with agricultural production.