中文摘要：

FOXP3^＋CD4^＋CD25^＋调节性T细胞（FOXP3^＋Tregs）负责正常机体免疫稳态的维持。人类许多重大免疫性疾病均与调节性T细胞的功能异常相关。叉头状家族转录蛋白FOXP3是调节性T细胞中特异性表达的关键转录因子，对调节性T细胞的发育与功能有着重要作用。近年来的研究表明，FOXP3蛋白转录调控复合体的装配及其翻译后修饰调节对调节性T细胞的功能至关重要，相关生理过程受到各种炎症微环境的动态调节。深入研究FOXP3^＋Tregs活性调节的分子机制将为攻克人类重大免疫及相关性疾病提供创新性线索。

英文摘要：

FOXP3^＋CD4^＋CD25^＋ regulatory T cells （FOXP3^＋Tregs） belong to a specifc subset of CD4^＋ T cells which modulate many immune responses and play an indispensable role in maintaining immune homeostasis in vivo. Many major human diseases such as the autoimmune disease, the infectious disease, the allergic disease, the transplanting rejection and the cancers are associated with the dysfunction of the Tregs. The forkhead family transcription factor FOXP3 is a master regulator in the development and functions of the Tregs. Recently, a common conclusion is shared by many reseachers that the FOXP3 is not a solo transcription factor, it interacts with some other transcription factors such as the STAT3 and the ROR＇,/t to form a complex, to dynamically modulate the specific gene transcription progress. Furthermore, many studies including those of our laboratory demonstrate that posttranslational modification of the FOXP3 also plays an important role in the functions of the Tregs. In summary, further understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of the FOXP3^＋Treg function by inflammation will lead a novel therapeutic clue for conquering major human diseases.