中文摘要：

电容层析成像（electricalcapacitancetomography，ECT）技术是以医学cT技术为基础，伴随着计算机技术和传感器技术发展起来的一种过程层析成像技术。对ECT系统的各个组成单元和工程应用的研究成果进行分类，并逐类进行总结论述。比较了不同结构的电容传感器，并对传感器参数的优化方法进行总结。讨论了测量电容值的各种方法及其优劣性。在归纳主要图像重建算法及其改进方法的同时，还分析了典型算法的原理和流程。总结了ECT系统的各种主要工程应用和成功案例。在此基础上，指出了有待发展的若干研究课题及关键技术，并对某些发展方向予以展望。

英文摘要：

Electrical capacitance tomography （ECT） technology is a process tomography technology, which is based on medical CT technology and develops together with computer and sensor technology. This paper classifies the re search results of various ECT components and the engineering applications, as well as summarizes and discusses the research results in each category. Different structured capacitive sensors are compared, and the optimization methods of the sensor parameters are stated. Various capacitance measurement methods and their advantages and disadvanta ges are discussed. While presenting the main image reconstruction algorithms and their improvements, the paper also analyzes the principles and procedures of typical algorithms. The main engineering applications and successful cases of the ECT systems are introduced. Finally, some related study topics and key techniques to be developed are sug gested, and the future development directions of ECT are predicted.