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中文摘要：
调制转移光外差光谱信号的信噪比（SNR）和中心斜率与吸收程等有关。采用吸收程微元叠加法——把吸收程分成n段，计算出每一段产生的调制转移光谱信号元，再对n求和得到总的调制转移光谱信号。利用该方法，理论上研究了调制转移光谱信号相对强度及中心斜率随吸收程的变化，得到最佳吸收程。实验上比较了碘池温度为～15℃时一倍程（40cm），二倍程（80cm），三倍程（120cm）和四倍程（160cm）的光谱信号信噪比和谱线中心斜率，得到三倍程时信号信噪比和谱线中心斜率为最大，估算得到相应的激光稳频精度为9×10^-14（1s积分时间）。通过吸收程优化过程获得的调制转移光谱信号用于激光频率稳定控制，有望获得更高的稳频精度。
英文摘要：
Absorption length has an influence on signal to noise ratio （SNR） and slope of modulation transfer spectra. An equation of modulation transfer spectroscopy was derived by dividing absorption length into n units and integrating signal of every unit. Theoretically the relative signal intensity and central slope of spectrum with different absorption length were calculated according to the equation, from which optimal absorption length was obtained. Finally both SNR and slope of modulation transfer spectra of 12 with different absorption length were compared experimentally while 12 cell temperature was held at -15℃. The results of comparison showed that modulation transfer spectra was optimal at three-pass （120 cm）. integration time at three-pass was estimated. So it is promising for modulation transfer spectra with optimal absorption length are used The frequency stability of 9×10^-14 at 1 s improvement of laser frequency stability when in laser frequency control.
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