中文摘要：

ER-α36是一种新型雌激素受体亚型，广泛分布于乳腺、子宫、消化道、呼吸道等组织和细胞中。本文旨在研究ER-α36在中枢神经系统中的表达和分布情况。采用免疫细胞/组织化学方法和蛋白质免疫印迹杂交比较ER-α36在新生（1日龄）与成年（12周龄） Sprague-Dawley （SD）大鼠海马及皮层区的表达和分布情况。研究显示，ER-α36在成年大鼠海马及皮层区均有表达，主要分布于锥体神经元。ER-α36在新生大鼠海马和皮层神经元中均定位于细胞膜。新生大鼠皮层神经元ER-α36蛋白表达高于海马，而成年大鼠皮层神经元ER-α36蛋白表达低于海马。与新生大鼠相比较，成年大鼠海马和皮层神经元ER-α36表达均显著提高。以上结果提示，ER-α36参与介导神经元膜雌激素信号通路的调节，且在大鼠出生后海马及皮层发育中发挥着重要作用。因此，ER-α36可能为学习记忆、神经系统退行性疾病等的防治提供潜在的药物靶点。

英文摘要：

ER-α36, a novel variant of ER-α, is expressed in breast, uterus, digestive tract, respiratory tract etc. The aim of the present study was to investigate the distribution and expression of ER-α36 in the central nervous system （CNS）. Here, we comparatively analyzed the expression pattern of ER-α36 in the hippocampus and cortex of neonatal （1-day-old） and adult （12-week-old） Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats by using immunohistochemistry/immunocytochemistry analysis and Western blot. The results showed that ER-α36 was expressed both in hippocampus and cortex of adult rats, but mainly distributed in pyramidal neurons. ER-α36 was mainly located on the cytomembrane of hippocampal and cortical neurons from neonatal rats. Compared with the cortical neurons, the hippocampal neurons showed lower ER-α36 protein expression in the neonatal rats, but exhibited higher level of ER-α36 in the adult rats. Furthermore, the adult rats showed higher levels of ER-α36 expression in both hippocampus and cortex compared with the neonatal rats. These results suggest that ER-α36 might be involved in the regulation of membrane-initiated estrogen signaling throughout the postnatal development of diverse brain regions, and thus will be a potential target for the treatment of degenerative diseases in nervous system.