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页岩气储层改造的体破裂理论与技术构想

ISSN号：0023-074X
期刊名称：《科学通报》
时间：0
分类：TE357.14[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]
作者机构：[1]四川大学能源工程安全与灾害力学教育部重点实验室,成都610065, [2]中国矿业大学深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室,徐州221116, [3]中国矿业大学煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室,北京100083, [4]四川大学建筑与环境学院,成都610065
相关基金：国家重点基础研究发展计划（2011CB201201）; 国家杰出青年科学基金（51125017）; 国家自然科学基金（51374213,51134018）; 四川省科技厅科技支撑计划（2012FZ0124）

作者：谢和平[1], 高峰[2], 鞠杨[2,3], 谢凌志[1], 杨永明[3], 王俊[4]

关键词：页岩气, 储层改造, 压裂, 体破裂, 缝网, shale gas, reservoir stimulation, fracturing, volume fracturing theory, technical measures

中文摘要：

中国页岩气可采储量居世界第一位,但是中国页岩气开发面临气藏赋存条件复杂、地质构造运动剧烈、储层渗透性极低、气藏富集区水资源匮乏等一系列难题,迫切需要创新页岩储层改造的理论和方法,探索适合中国页岩气高效开发的非常规理论与技术.本文简要分析了目前储层压裂改造的主要方法、原理及面临的难题和挑战,提出了储层改造的体破裂理论及技术构想.定义体破裂是三维岩体在载荷作用下,内部孔隙、层理裂隙及人工裂隙互相作用、充分发展和贯穿、并形成新的三维裂隙网络系统这一完整力学过程,是岩体大尺度、多裂隙、高强度的破坏和能量释放的过程.指出页岩三维断裂形态和扩展机理、人工裂隙与结构裂隙相互作用、缝网形态和演化、实现高度体破裂的载荷类型、方式与介质以及真实三维断裂过程的可视化与计算模拟新技术等构建了体破裂力学理论的研究框架.基于早期实验室以及现场实验的探索,提出和分析了实现体破裂的新技术及有待研究的关键科学问题和技术难点.

英文摘要：

Shale gas has become a preferably alternative energy resource and national strategic goal for many countries for its noticeable advantages,including huge reserves and potentials,green,and broad distribution.Successful exploitation and utilization of shale gas has profoundly impacted global economy,regional politics,and even military strategies around the world.China holds the largest amount of recoverable shale gas reserves in the world.The shale gas recoverable reserves of China rank firstly in the world.However,most of the shale gas formations in China are low-permeability deposit and in conditions of geological complex,tectonic active,and lack of water,which makes the exploitation of shale gas difficult using the current methods.It is imperative to renovate the methods and techniques for stimulation of shale gas formations and to establish theory and technology for achieving high-efficiency exploitation and utilization of shale gas in China.This paper briefly reviews the adopted methods,principles,intractable issues and challenges in reservoir fracturing.A promising reservoir stimulation idea,i.e.,3D volume fracturing,and its principles and technology,are proposed.The volume fracturing of shale rock is defined as a three-dimensional fracturing process from the mechanics point of view,taking into account the interaction,growth,bifurcation between internal pores,inherent joints or cracks,and artificial fractures of reservoir rock under complex geostresses.The volume fracturing of shale rock is a failure process featured by large scale,multi cracking,high strength,and intensive energy release.The paper preliminarily frames the 3D volume fracturing theory from the aspects of 3D fracture modes,growth mechanism,interaction between artificial fractures and structural cracks,crack networks and development,loading type,modes and media for realizing large-scale volume fracturing,visualization of 3D fracturing process and computing programs,and stimulation implementation.Based on the early laboratory and field tests,we d

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