中文摘要：

多囊卵巢综合征（polycystic ovary syndrome，PCOS）是一种发病呈多因性、临床表现呈多态性的内分泌紊乱综合征，其发病机制至今尚未阐明。瘦素（leptin，Lep）是由肥胖基因编码的一个重要的脂肪因子，可作为体内代谢信号参与下丘脑．垂体．卵巢轴的调节。Lep水平与肥胖密切相关，而PCOS患者又多伴有肥胖等代谢异常症状。目前文献综合表明，不同来源的临床资料反映的结果存在不协调之处，因而不能断定Lep与受体变化是否构成PCOS病因。不同Lep基因突变的PCOS动物模型可以反映某些特异PCOS症状，为今后人们阐明Lep系统在PCOS的病因学中的作用，以及探索其基因在诊断和治疗PCOS方面的临床价值提供参考。

英文摘要：

Polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） is an endocrine disorder with a variety of etiological factors and clinic manifestations, but its pathogenesis is still unclear. Leptin, an adipocyte-derived hormone encoded by ob gene, serves as a link relaying metabolic signals to the neuronal networks in the brain, to modulate hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis. Circulating leptin correlates strongly with obesity, which is frequently asso- ciated with PCOS. Summarizing from current literatures, we found that inconsistent results were mainly due to different sources of clinical data, and so concluded that the changes in leptin and its receptor possibly constituted the etiology of PCOS. Then, leptin and leptin receptor gene related PCOS models were summarized, suggesting different animal models reflect some specific PCOS symptoms individually in aid to elucidation on the roles of leptin system in the etiology of PCOS, and providing a reference for the exploration to the clinical value for diagnosis and treatment of PCOS.