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中文摘要：
为了了解和掌握城市和郊区浅部地温场的变化规律,在南京市城区和郊区分别建设了长期观测站,并选择了多个随机观测点,获得了一批地温场资料,通过分析发现：（1）城市地温场年平均温度为19.23℃,比郊区高2.02℃,存在显著的城市热岛现象。（2）城区和郊区地温场存在明显的时空差异：在时间序列上,城郊地温场日平均温差波动幅度较大,变化范围为0.37～3.83℃;月平均温差变化范围为1.34～2.9℃,最小平均温差出现在11月,最大平均温差出现在7月;季平均温差变化范围为1.53～2.45℃,其中夏季平均温差最高,秋季最小。在深度空间上,日气候因素对地温场的临界影响深度约为60cm,在此临界深度以下,每增加100cm,月平均最高/低温出现时间滞后约1个月;在0～300cm深度内,城郊地温差总体上随深度的增加有递增趋势。在平面空间上,城郊地温场的分布很不均匀,而且城区地温场的不均匀性更加突出。
英文摘要：
For better understanding the change behavior of temperature in urban and rural shallow soils,two long-term observation stations were built and a large amount of measurement points were also selected in urban and rural areas of Nanjing city.By analyzing the obtained soil temperature data,it is found that the average annual temperature of urban soil is 19.23℃.It is 2.02℃ higher than that of the rural soil.Such result reveals an obvious dry island effect in the urban soil.The soil temperature differences between urban and rural areas show evident temporal-spatial characteristics.In temporal pattern,the average daily temperature difference between urban and rural soils ranges from 0.37 to 3.83℃,and shows significant variability over short time scales.The average monthly difference ranges from 1.34 to 2.9℃.The minimum and maximum monthly differences occur in November and July respectively.The average seasonal difference ranges from 1.53 to 2.45℃.The minimum and maximum seasonal differences occur in summer and autumn respectively.In spatial pattern,the critical affected depth of daily synoptic events on soil temperature is approximately 60cm.Below this critical depth,there is a time delay to the effects of synoptic events.An evident hysteresis（about one month delay per 100cm depth increment）can be observed.Within the 0～300cm depth,the temperature difference between urban and rural soil generally increases as the depth increases.In addition,it is found that the soil temperature in urban area is much more variable than that observed in rural area.
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