中文摘要：

合同外包是公共服务市场化改革中的重要制度安排。美国地方政府自20世纪80年代开始广泛尝试公共服务合同外包，目前已发展到超越计划与市场之争，寻求公平与效率平衡的阶段，出现逆向合同承包与公私混合提供模式。本文根据美国相关学者对这一问题的最新研究成果，分析了美国地方政府公共服务合同外包的发展趋势及原因，并探讨了美国实践对中国公共服务改革的借鉴意义。

英文摘要：

Outsourcing is an important institutional arrangement in public service marketization reform. Since the early 1980s, American local governments have extensively implemented public services outsourcing and have now developed into a stage at which the point of attention is equity and balance of effectiveness. This is beyond the argument on marketing versus planning. Public-Private Partnership and collaborative management, rather than outsourcing itself, is now called for. On the basis of the study findings of relevant US scholars, the author made an account of the causes and trends of public service out-sourcing, and explored the implications of American experiences for China＇s public service reform.