中文摘要：

聚精氨酸是一种应用前景广阔的基因载体。通过对聚精氨酸的进一步修饰，获得了一系列基于聚精氨酸的基因载体，既改善了基因转染效率，又降低了细胞毒性。本文简要介绍了聚精氨酸作为基因载体的优势、聚精氨酸进入细胞途径、聚精氨酸的相对分子质量与基因转染效率的关系，详述了聚精氨酸结构优化及其应用，并对其应用前景和面临的问题进行了分析。

英文摘要：

Polyarginine is a gene vector with a good prospect of wide application. Through further modification of pol- yarginine, a series of gene carriers based on polyarginine were obtained, which not only increased gene transfection efficiency, but reduced its cytotoxicity as well. In this paper, the advantages of polyarginine as a gene vector, the pathway for the entry of polyarginine into cells and the relevance of its molecular weight and transfection efficiency were briefly introduced. At the same time, structure optimization and application of polyarginine were clearly explained and its prospects and problems were also analyzed.