中文摘要：

细菌抗生素类药物耐药性的产生是临床治疗感染性疾病的一大难题,已受到人们的广泛关注。细菌主要通过产生灭活酶或钝化酶获得耐药性,除此之外还有细胞壁的渗透障碍、外排泵的泵出作用、靶位改变等多种机制,这些机制相互作用共同决定细菌的耐药水平。随着新型抗生素的临床应用,新的耐药机制随之出现,耐药菌也越来越广泛。细菌耐药机制的研究对耐药菌的控制和新药开发具有指导性意义。文章从耐药性的起源、产生机理、耐药特性及耐药性的检测方法4个方面进行了阐述。

英文摘要：

Antibiotic resistance of bacteria is a major problem in the clinical treatment of infectious diseases,and it has received the extensive attention.Bacteria producing inactivated enzyme or passivated enzyme is a mainly way to acquire resistance.Besides,the mechanisms of cell wall permeability barrier,efflux pump and target changes are existed,these mechanisms interact to the level of the bacterial antibiotic resistance.With the clinical application of new antibiotic,the new resistant mechanisms emerge and the antibiotic-resistant bacteria are widespread.The study of bacterial resistance mechanisms has instructional meaning for antibiotic-resistant bacteria control and new drug development.We elaborated the bacterial resistance from the origin of the resistance,mechanisms,characteristics and test method in this article.