中文摘要：

换道行为对交通流宏观特性的影响至今未得到充分认识．基于车辆行驶有限状态自动机框架，用微观仿真方法对不同交通情景下换道行为的影响进行了研究．结果表明在同质交通流中换道行为对宏观特性没有显著影响．对畀质交通流，如果车辆之间存在最大速度差异，则在中低密度区换道行为能显著提高交通流量；如果车辆之间只存在加速性能差异，则换道行为对交通流宏观特性没有显著影响．说明换道行为对交通流宏观特性的影响与车辆差异性质以及交通流密度有密切关系．

英文摘要：

The effects of lane-changing on the characteristics of traffic flow have not been investigated sufficiently so far. The effects of lane-changing in different traffic situations are studied with microscopic simulation, which is based on finite-state-machine framework of driving. The simulation results show that the effects of lane-changing are not significant in homogenous traffic flow. However, in heterogeneous traffic flow, which is composed of vehicles with different maximum speed, the flux in low to middle density increases if lane-changing is permitted. When vehicles only have difference in norreal acceleration, lane-changing can not increase flux significantly. In conclusion, the effects of lanechanging are tightly related to both the differences of vehicles and the density range of traffic flow.