中文摘要：

降膜蒸发广泛用于工业过程的各个领域，如海水淡化、食品加工、造纸等。分析了水平管式、竖直管式以及板式降膜蒸发器中的各种流型，综述了国内外降膜蒸发的研究现状，重点介绍了降膜蒸发器中的传热、传质、干壁现象、波动现象以及分布器对传热的影响，并对现有研究成果进行了总结。全面阐述了降膜蒸发的研究成果，以期有效指导实验研究及生产实践工作。

英文摘要：

Falling film evaporation is encountered in a wide range of important industrial applications, such as water desalination, food process, pulping and paper industry. A review of recent developments of experimental and theoretical research on falling film evaporation is presented. The flow patterns of three kinds falling film evaporators, heat and mass transfer, wave characteristics as well as dry-out phenomenon were introduced. The effects of flow patterns and distribu- tors on the heat transfer of falling film evaporation are analyzed. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the result of the research on the falling film evaporation and to effectively guide experimental investigation and production practices in future.