中文摘要：

以苎麻纤维为生物模板，用溶胶-凝胶法经有氧煅烧过程制得具有苎麻纤维管状形态的SnO2多孔陶瓷。研究了样品的物相构成、显微结构和孔特征，探讨了样品在制备过程中的形态留存和反应机理。结果表明：以苎麻纤维为模板所制备的SnO2多孔陶瓷样品保留了苎麻纤维中空管状形貌，材料孔分布呈多级分布特征，模板的支架作用对晶粒生成和长大有调节作用。借助苎麻纤维表面亲水性的活性基团和断键活性点，生长基元Sn（OH）4通过静电吸引作用吸附在纤维表面，经溶解→水解→热解→成核→生长等过程完成纳米SnO2颗粒在苎麻纤维外表层的生长，苎麻模板以热解的方式去除，最终转变成中空管状结构SnO2多孔陶瓷材料。

英文摘要：

The hollow tubular SnO2 porous ceramic materials were prepared by a sol-gel method and subsequent aeroolc smtermg technique with ramie fibers as a template. The phase composition, microstructure and pore character of the prepared materials were investigated, and the remaining of morphology and reaction mechanism were analyzed. The results show that the grain nuclear and growth of ramie SnO2 porous ceramic can be controlled by the template structure. The transformation process of ramie SnO2 ceramic is the removal of ramie template by pyrolysis, and the growth of SnO2 nanoparticles on fiber surface, which are generated in the dissolution-hydrolysis-pyrolysis-nucleation-growth process of grow units Sn（OH ）4 adsorbed on fiber surface due to the electrostatic attraction between the hydrophilic active groups and breaking bond active point of ramie surface.