中文摘要：

对演化算法求解光纤光栅反问题的研究进行了综述。光纤光栅的反问题即从给定的光纤光栅反射谱（或透射谱），重构得到光栅的长度、周期、折射率调制深度等参数，以及应力、温度分布等，是在传感和通讯领域都会遇到的一类重要问题。演化算法由于具有计算简单、普适性强、潜在的并行性等优点，近年来被广泛用于求解光纤光栅的反问题，其中主要有遗传算法、模拟退火算法、粒子群优化算法等。文章分析了演化算法求解光纤光栅反问题的优势和不足，并对其研究前景进行了展望。

英文摘要：

The researches of inverse problem in fiber grating based on evolutionary algorithms were reviewed. The inverse problem consists in the reconstruction of grating parameters such as length, grating period, index modulation as well as strain or temperature distribution from the knowledge of spectrum reflected or transmitted by the grating. The solutions of these problems are important for telecommunication and sensing applications. Recently, evolutionary algorithms mainly including genetic algorithm, simulated annealing algorithm, particle swarm optimization, etc., are widely used to solve the inverse problems in fiber grating due to their simple computation, extensive applicability and expansibility of parallel computation. We analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of evolutionary algorithms applied in fiber grating and gave their research prospect.