中文摘要：

暂态地电压（transient earth voltage，TEV）方法凭借灵敏度高、抗干扰能力强、非入侵等优点在配网开关柜带电检测中得到越来越多运用。文中在充分分析开关柜实际运行故障案例以及TEV实际检测效果的基础上，设计了绝缘内部气隙放电、沿面放电、悬浮电位放电、针尖电晕放电这4种开关柜典型局部放电缺陷模型。分别进行加压实验并使用TEV传感器连接示波器、手持式TEV测试仪2种方式检测。分析了不同缺陷放电的TEV时域波形及PRPD图谱。研究结果表明：TEV对不同放电故障的灵敏度不同；对4类局放缺陷的放电量、放电波形、TEV时域波形和PRPD图谱具有较好识别性；使用CST软件仿真以及试验方法研究了开关柜检测位置不同对检测结果的影响，TEV时域波形和手持式TEV检测仪结果均呈现一定规律性。研究对开关柜状态检修以及TEV方法理论研究具有较大意义。

英文摘要：

Transient Earth Voltage（TEV）gets more and more used in live detection of switchgears due to high sen-sitivity, anti-interference ability and non-invasive, etc. This article has independently developed four typical defect models which are insulated air discharge, creeping discharge, floating potential discharge and corona discharge based on fully analysis of fault cases of actual operating switchgear and the actual detection effect of TEV worked out by state grid provincial companies. TEV sensors and TEV handheld tester are used. Analysis of time-domain waveform and PRPD maps of different defects shows that： the sensitivities of TEV on different discharge are different; the dis- charge capacity, discharge waveform, TEV time-domain waveform and PRPD maps of four types of PD defects has a good identification; when the detection position is different, it shows a certain regularity of the results detected by TEV sensors and TEV handheld tester. It is studied by simulation of CST and tests. Contents of this paper have greater significance on the switchgear periodic general detection and theoretical research of TEV methods.