本文通过资源诅咒系数计算出我国30个省区的经济发展与资源禀赋的偏离程度,并按照其大小将中国分为资源诅咒高危区、资源诅咒严重区、资源诅咒边缘区和无资源诅咒区。选择了4个省份作为不同资源诅咒类型区的代表,分析1990年-2007年期间资源诅咒变化趋势,结果表明这4个代表区域的资源诅咒效应具有明显的差异性。通过对资源诅咒严重区和资源诅咒高危区的实证研究,认为我国资源诅咒现象产生的内外部动因主要是:短期行为导致资源开发的同时忽视了对脆弱的生态环境的保护;过于依赖资源禀赋,导致区域产业结构单一,经济畸形发展;投资环境较差,缺乏经济发展的外部动力;资源费(税)政策偏差,导致地区资源和经济利益双重流失。
It is of great importance to quantify the degree of natural resources curse for making reasonable resources policies for different regions. We put forward a concept of the natural resources curse coefficient to characterize the deviation between economic development and natural resources endowment. With data of gross domestic production and primary energy production from China Statistical Yearbook, we calculated the natural resources curse coefficients for 30 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in Mainland China. In terms of the magnitude of the natural resources coefficient, we conceptually divided China into four types of the natural resources curse area. Regions with the natural resources curse coefficient below 1 are classified as no natural resources curse areas. Regions with the natural resources curse coefficient ranging from 1 to 2 are taken as marginal natural resources curse areas. Regions whose coefficient is greater than 2 and less than 4 mean that their resources endowment has not been converted into economic advantages, suffering serious natural resources curse. Regions of the coefficient exceeding 4 are faced with the problem of regional sustainable development, suggesting high-risk natural resources curse. Results demonstrate that 16 provinces mainly distributed in eastern China did not suffer natural resources curse, 6 provinces including Sichuan and Henan Provinces showed slight natural resources curse, and 5 provinces showed serious natural resources curse, e.g., Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region and Heilongjiang Province. The degree of natural resources curse in Shanxi, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and Guizhou Province were much high, with suggesting a grim prospect of regional development. From the perspective of spatial distribution, natural resources curse is primarily encountered in the west and partially in the middle. The east rarely suffers natural resources curse. Guangdong, Sichuan, Xinjiang, and Shanxi, representing no natural resources curse area, marginal natural