中文摘要：

目的探讨不同病理类型、不同活动程度的狼疮性肾炎患者全血基因表达研究中常用内参基因的优化选择。方法选取不同病理类型、不同活动程度的狼疮性肾炎患者共20例，设正常对照5例。运用实时PCR技术检测全血中10个内参基因（B2M、EEFlAl、PPIB、GAPDH、ACTB、HPRTl、HMBS、GNB2L1、PGKl、TBP）的表达，采用geNorm软件对基因表达的稳定性进行分析。结果10个内参基因在不同患者及正常人全血中的表达存在差异，geNorm软件计算M值和V。，值。10个内参基因的M值均小于1．5，稳定性由低到高依次为ACTB〈HMBS〈TBP〈EEFlAI〈GNB2LI〈PPIB〈B2M〈GAPDH〈HPRTl和PGKl。V〈0．15作为阀值，由于V34=0．149，本研究中内参基因的数量至少需要3个基因，即最稳定的内参基因GAPDH、HPRTl与PGKl。结论人类狼疮性肾炎全血基因表达研究中的内参基因应选择GAPDH、HPRTl与PGKl。

英文摘要：

Gene expression studies require appropriate normalization methods with stable expressed genes as reference. Since suitable reference genes appear to be unique for each tissue, we have identified an optimal set of the most stably expressed genes in blood of human lupus nephritis that can be used for normalization. By using real-time PCR, we detected total of 10 reference genes （B2M, EEF1A1, PPIB, GAPDH, ACTB, HPRT1, HMBS, GNB2L1, PGK1, TBP） expression in blood of 5 healthy adults and 20 lupus nephritis patients with different pathological types and activity levels. Furthermore, the stability of gene expression was analyzed by geNorm software. The results indicated that expression levels of 10 reference genes varied in whole blood of different patients and healthy person. And geNorm software demonstrated the M values of 10 genes were less than 1.5, and stability rank from low to high is ACTB 〈 HMBS 〈 TBP 〈 EEF1A1 〈 GNB2L1 〈 PPIB 〈 B2M 〈 GAPDH 〈 HPRT1 and PGK1. Threshold value was set as V 〈 0.15. The number of reference genes in this study was at lest three genes confirmed by V34=0.149. The three most stable reference genes were GAPDH, HPRT1, and PGK1. This study might prove that GAPDH, HPRT1 and PGK1 should be the optimized reference genes in blood gene expression studies of human lupus nephritis.