中文摘要：

钾是植物生长发育所必需的营养元素之一，而土壤钾库中生物有效性的钾所占比例相对较低，作物难以有效利用，且钾肥资源较为短缺，所以植物钾效率的研究日益引起国内外众多学者的重视。本文主要从钾高效吸收和利用等方面，着重阐述钾高效的营养生理和代谢机制的最新研究进展，提出了该领域存在的问题并就今后应开展的研究工作做了展望。

英文摘要：

Potassium （K） is one of the important nutritional elements, and it is necessary for plant growth and develop- ment. While the proportion of bioavailability K in the soil K pool is relatively low, and it is difficult for crop to effectively use, and the K fertilizer resources are shortage. Therefore, the research about the efficiency of plant K increasingly attrac- ted the attention of many scholars all over the world. This article reviews the K efficient absorption and utilization, focuses on the latest research progress of the nutrient physiology and metabolic mechanism of K efficiency. Finally, we outlined the problems existing in this field and propose the future research directions.