中文摘要：

钾缺乏是制约棉花生长的重要因子之一,而钠钾替代的研究一直是国内外关注的重点。以不同钾效率基因型棉花（钾高效HG103和钾低效LG122）为材料,利用傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）对不同钾钠处理下棉花叶片的物质组成进行研究,分析不同钾钠条件下,叶片红外光谱图谱的差异,探讨钠钾替代对其物质成分和结构的影响,以及基因型的差异。结果表明：（1）缺钾条件下施钠,2 960,2 855,2 926,1 103和1 078cm^-1这5个特征峰的相对吸光度均有所升高,其中HG103在2 960,2 855和2 926cm^-1处增加的量与LG122几乎一致,而在1 103和1 078cm^-1附近,HG103增加的量高于LG122;然而适钾的条件下施钠,这5个特征峰的相对吸光度都有所减少,且HG103减少的量都小于LG122,表明缺钾时施钠促进糖类、蛋白质和酯类的合成,其中对糖类的促进作用是HG103的大于LG122的,而对蛋白质和酯类的则没有差异;适钾时施钠则有抑制作用,对HG103的抑制作用小于LG122。（2）缺钾时,1 734和1 437cm^-1附近的特征峰缺失,而补充钠后这些缺失的峰也未出现,说明缺钾破坏了叶片中蛋白质酰胺Ⅰ带和纤维素的结构,而缺钾补充钠并不能缓解这种破坏,即对于钾的这些功能,钠不能完全代替钾。

英文摘要：

Potassium （K） deficiency affects cotton growth. The substitution effects of sodium （Na） and potassium research have been the focus of attention at home and abroad. The aim of this paper was to study the substitution effects of Na and K on material composition in leaf of two kinds of K-efficiency cotton genotypes （HG103 and LG122） using Fourier to transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy. The results showed that： （1） the increment of the relative absorbance of HG103 at peaks 2 960, 2 855 and 2 926 cm^-1 were the same with LG122 with addition of Na in deficient K, while at peaks 1 078 and 1 103 cm^-1 , the increment of HG103 was higher than LG122, indicating that in deficient K, Na could promote the synthesis of carbohydrate, protein and esters, wherein the promoting effect on carbohydrate of HG103 was greater than LG122, while for protein and esters, there has no difference. However, the decrement of the relative absorbance at these five peaks of HG103 was higher than LG122 with addition of Na in adequate K, suggesting that in adequate K, the inhibitory effect of Na on carbohydrate, protein and esters of HG103 was less LG122. （2） the peaks at 1 734 and 1 437 cm^-1 disappeared due to K dificiency, when added Na, these peaks did not appear, implying that the structure of amide I band and cellulose was broken when lack of K when added Na has no changes.