中文摘要：

天山北坡山区流域资料稀缺,融雪径流模拟比较困难。以天山北坡的乌鲁木齐河、玛纳斯河和奎屯河流域为例,利用水文气象资料和冰雪遥感数据,建立流域融雪径流SRM模型,以2007年3—8月为模拟校准期,2005年和2006年3—8月为模拟检验期,模拟3个资料稀缺山区流域融雪日径流,检验模拟结果和模型的有效性,评价SRM模型在资料稀缺流域的适用性。结果表明：3个流域SRM模型融雪径流模拟具有比较好的模拟效果。在模拟校准期间,3个流域R2平均值为0.85,D_V平均值为9.42%,模拟精度比较高;在模拟检校期,2006年3个流域R^2平均值为0.72,D_V平均值为13.3%,2005年R^2平均值为0.78,D_V平均值为4.85%,表明3个流域SRM模型的参数估算合理,建立的SRM模型是有效的,SRM模型在天山北坡的资料稀缺山区流域融雪径流模拟中具有其适用性。

英文摘要：

Streamflow of the mountainous catchments on northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains is mainly contributed by snowmelt in spring and summer. In this study,the Urumqi River,Manas Rives and Kuytun River basins recharged mainly by snowmelt on northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains were selected to model the daily snowmelt runoff. A snowmelt runoff model（ SRM） was used to simulate the daily runoff with the hydrological and meteorological data and snow / ice remote sensing images. The melt season from March to August in the hydrological year of 2007 was selected as the calibration period,and the same seasons in 2005 and 2006 were selected as the validation periods. Results indicated that,during both the calibration and validation periods,the SRM performed well in evaluating the daily snowmelt runoff in the three mountainous catchments. During the simulation period,the average values of R2 and DVfor the three catchments were 0. 85 and 9. 42% respectively. During the validation periods,in the year of 2006,the average value of R2 reached 0. 72 and the average DVremained 13. 3% for the three catchments; in the year of 2005,the average values of R2 and DVfor the three catchments were 0. 78 and 4. 85% respectively. Hence,it could be concluded safely that the calibration of SRM parameters was reasonable and the SRM is well established for practical application in all the three data-scarce mountainous catchments.