中文摘要：

翻译后的磷酸化修饰是蛋白质结构和功能的重要调节方式。催化蛋白质磷酸化过程的蛋白激酶广泛参与神经发育、感觉、学习记忆、情绪与认知等生理过程及神经退行性疾病、慢性疼痛及精神疾病等病理生理过程,是生命科学领域的研究热点。现将举例说明蛋白激酶在神经系统内的重要作用,并介绍以蛋白激酶为靶点的药物开发现况。

英文摘要：

Post-translational phosphorylation modification plays vital roles in modulating protein structure and function. Protein kinases, which catalyze the phosphorylation reaction of substrate protein, take part in most physiological neural processes such as sensory perception, learning and memory, emotion and cognition. Dysfunction of protein kinases leads to pathophysiological events, such as neurodegenerative disorders, chronic pain and psychiatric disorders. Examples would be taken to interpret how the kinases work in the nervous system, based on which kinase-targeted drugs are to be developed or under clinical trials for their clinical effects.