目的:针对传统人工感官评价缺陷,建立客观、量化、有效和无损的芽形绿茶外形品质表征方法。创新点:采用图像特征(色泽和纹理)和AdaBoost改进的ELM(极限学习机)混合算法(Ada-ELM),明确了茶叶外形表象与人的感官感受间的非线性量化解析关系。方法:基于机器视觉和图像处理技术,提取不同品质茶样的纹理和色泽等图像特征(表1),并与专家感官评分进行关联分析,筛选出10个极显著相关的特征变量(图1)。进而采用偏最小二乘法(PLS)和Ada-ELM,分别建立了针芽形绿茶外形感官品质的线性和非线性预测模型(表2),并进行模型性能比较。结论:非线性模型能更好地表征图像信息与感官评分间的关联,且AdaBoost集成算法能进一步提升ELM模型的预测精度和泛化性。综合而言,采用计算机图像特征量化评价芽形绿茶的外形品质是可行的,为拓展茶叶感官评审方法和规模化、自动化加工中品质的专家决策技术,提供了一种新的技术途径和思路。
Tea is one of the three greatest beverages in the world. In China, green tea has the largest consumption, and needle-shaped green tea, such as Maofeng tea and Sparrow Tongue tea, accounts for more than 40% of green tea (Zhu et al., 2017). The appearance of green tea is one of the important indexes during the evaluation of green tea quality.